====
二月
====

升级一台 Vultr 的 Arch 机器
===========================

:date: 2021-02-04

.. highlight:: console

看了一下最近的一次更新已经是三年前::

    $ cat /var/log/pacman.log | grep 'full system upgrade'
    ...
    [2018-01-05 10:55] [PACMAN] starting full system upgrade
    [2018-02-18 18:07] [PACMAN] starting full system upgrade
    [2018-02-18 18:09] [PACMAN] starting full system upgrade

根据那个时间点翻看一下可能导致问题的变更：

1. https://archlinux.org/news/libbloom16-2-update-requires-manual-intervention/
2. https://archlinux.org/news/base-group-replaced-by-mandatory-base-package-manual-intervention-required/
3. https://archlinux.org/news/now-using-zstandard-instead-of-xz-for-package-compression/
4. https://archlinux.org/news/sshd-needs-restarting-after-upgrading-to-openssh-82p1/

尝试安装软件包报错::

    # pacman -S ncdu
    error: could not open file /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ncdu-1.15.1-2-x86_64.pkg.tar.zst: Unrecognized archive format
    error: failed to commit transaction (cannot open package file)
    Errors occurred, no packages were upgraded.

这是去年 Arch 改用 zstd 代替 xz [#]_ 压缩包导致的，Eli Schwartz 提供了静态新版
pacman 用来帮助来不及平滑更新的用户，下载之::

    $ wget https://pkgbuild.com/~eschwartz/repo/x86_64-extracted/pacman-static
    $ chmod +x pacman-static

先更新 keyring 防止不认新包的签名::

    $ sudo ./pacman-static -S archlinux-keyring

根据 1 的要求加个 overwrite::

    $ sudo ./pacman-static -Syu --overwrite usr/lib/libbloom.so.1

.. [#] https://archlinux.org/news/now-using-zstandard-instead-of-xz-for-package-compression/