How Sphinx Builder Works

How Sphinx Builder Works#

Sphinx Version:: sphinx-doc/sphinx

Entry point#

Two options of sphinx-build -M and -b can specific builder:

In sphinx.cmd mods:

-M BUILDER_NAME

make mode, used in Makefile

build.main → build.make_main → make_mode.run_make_mode → make_model.Make.run_generic_build → build.build_main

In run_generic_build, outdir is hardcoded to <BUILDDIR>/<BUILDER>:

...
args = ['-b', builder,
        '-d', doctreedir,
        self.srcdir,
        self.builddir_join(builder)] // HERE
return build_main(args + opts)

-b BUILDER_NAME

build.main → build.build_main

outdir is <BUILDDIR>.

In build_main, the important sphinx.application.Sphinx object are created.

Create Sphinx Application#

In Sphinx.__init__:

# ...

# load all user-given extension modules
for extension in self.config.extensions:
   self.setup_extension(extension)

# preload builder module (before init config values)
self.preload_builder(buildername)

# call possible config.setup() ...
self.events.emit('config-inited', self.config)

# set up the build environment
self.env = self._init_env(freshenv)
   # create fresh env
   self._create_fresh_env()
   # or load env from pickle files
   self._load_existing_env(outdir/.doctree/environment.pickle)
      env.setup(self)


# create the builder
self.builder = self.create_builder(buildername)


# build environment post-initialisation, after creating the builder
self._post_init_env()

# set up the builder
self._init_builder()
   self.builder.init()
   self.events.emit('builder-inited')

In BuildEnvironment.setup calls BuildEnvironment._update_config to detect config changes:

def _update_config(self, config: Config) -> None:
    # ...
    if self.config is None:
        self.config_status = CONFIG_NEW
    elif self.config.extensions != config.extensions:
        self.config_status = CONFIG_EXTENSIONS_CHANGED
        # ...
    else:
        # check if a config value was changed that affects how
        # doctrees are read
        for item in config.filter(frozenset({'env'})):
            if self.config[item.name] != item.value:
                self.config_status = CONFIG_CHANGED
                # ...

Builder.init does nothing, StandaloneHTMLBuilder.init creates BuildInfo and read config (html_xxx):

def init(self) -> None:
    self.build_info = self.create_build_info()
    # ...
    self.use_index = self.get_builder_config('use_index', 'html')

Build#

return to build_main, after creating Sphinx obj, call Sphinx.build.

Sphinx.build calls three Builder.build_xxx variant:

def build(self, force_all: bool = False, filenames: list[str] | None = None) -> None:
    self.phase = BuildPhase.READING
    try:
        if force_all:
            self.builder.build_all()
        elif filenames:
            self.builder.build_specific(filenames)
        else:
            self.builder.build_update()
         self.events.emit('build-finished', None)
     # ....

Both force_all and filenames comes from command line:

parser.add_argument('filenames', nargs='*',
                    help=__('(optional) a list of specific files to rebuild. '
                            'Ignored if --write-all is specified'))
group.add_argument('--write-all', '-a', action='store_true', dest='force_all',
                 help=__('write all files (default: only write new and '
                         'changed files)'))

The most usage one is Builder.build_update:

def build_update(self) -> None:
    """Only rebuild what was changed or added since last build."""
    self.compile_update_catalogs()

    to_build = self.get_outdated_docs()
    if isinstance(to_build, str):
        self.build(['__all__'], to_build)
    else:
        to_build = list(to_build)
        self.build(to_build,
                   summary=__('targets for %d source files that are out of date') %

The information about increatement build is mostly provides by StandaloneHTMLBuilder.get_outdated_docs. The

Every build_xxx eventlly calls Builder.build:

def build(
    self,
    docnames: Iterable[str] | None,
    summary: str | None = None,
    method: str = 'update',
) -> None:
    """Main build method.

    First updates the environment, and then calls
    :meth:`!write`.
    """
    # ...

    # while reading, collect all warnings from docutils
    with logging.pending_warnings():
        updated_docnames = set(self.read())

    doccount = len(updated_docnames)
    logger.info(bold(__('looking for now-outdated files... ')), nonl=True)
    updated_docnames.update(self.env.check_dependents(self.app, updated_docnames))
    outdated = len(updated_docnames) - doccount
    if outdated:
        logger.info(__('%d found'), outdated)
    else:
        logger.info(__('none found'))

    if updated_docnames:
        # save the environment
        from sphinx.application import ENV_PICKLE_FILENAME
        with progress_message(__('pickling environment')), \
                open(path.join(self.doctreedir, ENV_PICKLE_FILENAME), 'wb') as f:
            pickle.dump(self.env, f, pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)

        # global actions
        self.app.phase = BuildPhase.CONSISTENCY_CHECK
        with progress_message(__('checking consistency')):
            self.env.check_consistency()
    else:
        if method == 'update' and not docnames:
            logger.info(bold(__('no targets are out of date.')))
            return

    self.app.phase = BuildPhase.RESOLVING

    # filter "docnames" (list of outdated files) by the updated
    # found_docs of the environment; this will remove docs that
    # have since been removed
    if docnames and docnames != ['__all__']:
        docnames = set(docnames) & self.env.found_docs

    # determine if we can write in parallel
    if parallel_available and self.app.parallel > 1 and self.allow_parallel:
        self.parallel_ok = self.app.is_parallel_allowed('write')
    else:
        self.parallel_ok = False

    #  create a task executor to use for misc. "finish-up" tasks
    # if self.parallel_ok:
    #     self.finish_tasks = ParallelTasks(self.app.parallel)
    # else:
    # for now, just execute them serially
    self.finish_tasks = SerialTasks()

    # write all "normal" documents (or everything for some builders)
    self.write(docnames, list(updated_docnames), method)

    # finish (write static files etc.)
    self.finish()

    # wait for all tasks
    self.finish_tasks.join()

Call read:

def read(self) -> list[str]:
    """(Re-)read all files new or changed since last update.

    Store all environment docnames in the canonical format (ie using SEP as
    a separator in place of os.path.sep).
    """
    logger.info(bold(__('updating environment: ')), nonl=True)

    self.env.find_files(self.config, self)
    updated = (self.env.config_status != CONFIG_OK)
    added, changed, removed = self.env.get_outdated_files(updated)

    # allow user intervention as well
    for docs in self.events.emit('env-get-outdated', self.env, added, changed, removed):
        changed.update(set(docs) & self.env.found_docs)

    # if files were added or removed, all documents with globbed toctrees
    # must be reread
    if added or removed:
        # ... but not those that already were removed
        changed.update(self.env.glob_toctrees & self.env.found_docs)

    if updated:  # explain the change iff build config status was not ok
        reason = (CONFIG_CHANGED_REASON.get(self.env.config_status, '') +
                  (self.env.config_status_extra or ''))
        logger.info('[%s] ', reason, nonl=True)

    logger.info(__('%s added, %s changed, %s removed'),
                len(added), len(changed), len(removed))

    # clear all files no longer present
    for docname in removed:
        self.events.emit('env-purge-doc', self.env, docname)
        self.env.clear_doc(docname)

    # read all new and changed files
    docnames = sorted(added | changed)
    # allow changing and reordering the list of docs to read
    self.events.emit('env-before-read-docs', self.env, docnames)

    # check if we should do parallel or serial read
    if parallel_available and len(docnames) > 5 and self.app.parallel > 1:
        par_ok = self.app.is_parallel_allowed('read')
    else:
        par_ok = False

    if par_ok:
        self._read_parallel(docnames, nproc=self.app.parallel)
    else:
        self._read_serial(docnames)

    if self.config.root_doc not in self.env.all_docs:
        raise SphinxError('root file %s not found' %
                          self.env.doc2path(self.config.root_doc))

    for retval in self.events.emit('env-updated', self.env):
        if retval is not None:
            docnames.extend(retval)

    # workaround: marked as okay to call builder.read() twice in same process
    self.env.config_status = CONFIG_OK

    return sorted(docnames)

In Builder.build, env are dump back to file:

env.get_outdated_files
builder.get_outdated_docs
buildinfo
use_index
use_index

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How Sphinx Builder Works

目录

How Sphinx Builder Works#

Entry point#

Create Sphinx Application#

Build#